TH- 100
Marks, TW- 25 @ Marks
Topic 1
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Elements of Mechatronic System
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8 Marks
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* Definition of mechatronics 2 Marks
Mechatronics is defined as it is
the interdisciplinary field of engineering deals with the study of design
processes which includes combination of mechanical, electronics, control &
computer engineering.
* Importance
of mechatronics system 3 Marks
Mechatronics refers to the successful
combination of mechanical systems and electronics. In Mechatronics,
traditional systems of mechanical engineering are fused together with
components from computer science, mathematics and electrical engineering.
Mechatronics has a bright future and is currently applied in everyday life for
solutions ranging from transportation to optical telecommunication and
biomedical engineering.
Mechatronics provides solutions that are
efficient and reliable systems. Mechatronic Systems mostly have
microcomputers to ensure smooth functioning and higher accuracy. The sensors in these systems sense signals from the surroundings, react to
these signals using appropriate processing to generate acquired output signals.
There have been rapid changes and
improvements in the fields of electronics, computer and control systems over
the last years. As a result of this, computer controlled systems have been in
increase in almost every field. The number of only mechanically operating
systems is very few. The applications of artificial intelligence techniques
have been put into use in design, production and maintenance. Therefore, the
design, production and maintenance of advanced products are no longer a single
subject. It has become a must to use mechanics, electrics and electronics,
hydraulics and pneumatic and computer technologies together. This made
Mechatronics emerge as a new discipline. What Mechatronics covers ranges from
home technologies to advanced medical devices and from computer controlled
benches to robots.
As mentioned above, mechatronics is an
integration of electronics, computer science and mechanical engineering. The
manufacturing industries totally depend on the integration of computer and
electronics technologies for better products and processes. As the situation
became very competitive it was necessary to segregate the electronics and
mechanical branches. This division of the two branches led to an
interdisciplinary approach to introduce mechatronics.
*
Block diagram of Mechatronics Systems 3 Marks
* Block
diagram description
>> Sensors :
A sensor
consists of transducer whose function is to convert the one form of energy into
electrical form of energy. A sensor is a sensing element of measurement system
that converts the input quantity being measured into an output signal which is
related to the quantity.
Example:
Temperature Sensor – Thermocouple
Input – Temperature
Temperature Sensor – Thermocouple
Input – Temperature
Output – E.M.F (Electrical Parameter).
>> Signal Conditioner:
A signal conditioner receives signal from the
sensor and manipulates it into a suitable condition for display. The signal
conditioner performs filtering, amplification or other signal conditioning on
the sensor output.
Example:
Temperature
measurement –Single Conditioner
function (Amplifier)
Input – Small E.M.F value (From sensor)
Output –
Big E.M.F Value (Amplified).
>> Actuators :
An actuator accepts energy and produces movement (action). The energy supplied to
an actuator might be electrical or mechanical (pneumatic, hydraulic, etc.). An electric motor and a loudspeaker are both actuators, converting electrical energy into motion for
different purposes.
>> Control Unit :
When the control receives the
signal, they perform logical and arithmetic operations with a processor and
software. An appropriate control signal is generated by the CPU.
>> Display System:
A display system displays the data (output) from
the signal conditioner by analog or digital. A digital system is a temporary
store such as recorder.
Example:
Display
– L.E.D
Input – Conditioned Signal (from signal conditioner)
Output – Value of the quantity (Temperature)
Temperature Measurement System
* Advantages of mechatronics
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High reliability & safety.
o
Increased functionality.
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Higher flexibility.
o
High degree of schedulability.
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Better design.
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High performance.
o
Produce high quality of product.
* Disadvantages of mechatronics
o
Initial setup cost is high.
o
Complicated design and system.
o Maintenance
is complex
* Applications
of mechatronics 2 Marks
>> Robots (transport and welding robots),
>> Industrial Automation (Temperature control system in an industrial oven, barcode systems and production belts),
>> Home appliances (washing machines and dish washers), Many of the home appliances that are in use today are Mechatronics systems. They are manufactured in large numbers and typically require small controllers to be “embedded” within them.
>> Automotive (air bag, antilock braking system),
>> Defence Industry (mine detection robots, automatically guided vehicles),
>> Aeronautical Engineering (automatic pilots, unmanned aerial vehicles),
>> Image and Sound Processing (automatic focusing devices, sound operated devices).
>> Robots (transport and welding robots),
>> Industrial Automation (Temperature control system in an industrial oven, barcode systems and production belts),
>> Home appliances (washing machines and dish washers), Many of the home appliances that are in use today are Mechatronics systems. They are manufactured in large numbers and typically require small controllers to be “embedded” within them.
>> Automotive (air bag, antilock braking system),
>> Defence Industry (mine detection robots, automatically guided vehicles),
>> Aeronautical Engineering (automatic pilots, unmanned aerial vehicles),
>> Image and Sound Processing (automatic focusing devices, sound operated devices).
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